The Vietnam War Essay

The Vietnam War Essay The Vietnam War Essay 1. The French were engaged with a war of Indochina preceding the American contribution. Follow the reasons for this contention and depict the key occasions and general course of the French Indochina War. Generally, the First Indochina war began in the French Indochina in 1946 and finished in 1954. The war was a battling or struggle between powers from France and their Viet Minh adversaries. Various elements were associated with the contention including the French Far East Expeditionary Corps from the French Union drove by France. The Vietnamese national armed force bolstered the French against the Viet Minh whose pioneers were Vo Nguyen Giap and Ho Chi Minh. The enormous piece of this contention happened in the northern area of Vietnam called Tonkin, in spite of the fact that the battling overwhelmed the remainder of the country, spreading to the protectorates of the French Indochina in Cambodia and Laos (Young, 1991). After the French reoccupation in Indochina after the Second World War, the locale being in charge of the Japanese, the Viet Minh began a dissent or defiance to the French position that was in charge of various French states in Indochina. The couple of introductory long stretches of the contention included rustic uprising that was progressively relaxed against the French. By and by, after the socialists from China showed up in the Vietnamese northern outskirt in 1949, the battling went ahead and turned into an ordinary war between two powers that were furnished with present day weapons (Jian, 1993). The powers of the French Union incorporated a few powers from the remainder of the previous realm including Tunisia, Algeria, Laotian, Moroccan, Vietnamese, and Cambodian ethnic minorities. While the arrangement of pushing the soldiers of Viet Minh into propelling a war on the amazingly safeguarded base was approved, the absence of materials for development, air spread, and tanks forestalled a viable protection, prompting an unequivocal destruction of the French powers. The Geneva gathering settled on a temporary choice to separate Vietnam into two locales, the north, and south. The northern area was the Vietnam just republic under Ho Chi Minh, and the south was the Vietnam state under Bao Dai (Jian, 1993). 2. Clarify how the American contribution in Vietnam was an outcome of the Cold War, including how the Truman Doctrine was identified with starting U.S. contribution in Vietnam. Anticommunist notions in the United States were the principle factors explaining on the cooperation of the U.S. in Vietnam. Initially, America accepted that unmistakable animosity from the socialists in Asia represented a huge and direct danger to its inclinations in the mainland. Obviously Indochina was the fundamental locale in Asia tested by the nearness and animosity of the socialists. Thus, the choice of 1950 to give direct assistance to the locale was a critical arrangement decision permitting and tolerating the obligation of the United States in forestalling the authority of socialists in the Asia. This heading of the approach was in this manner focused on in the next years, first by the Korean War and afterward by the accelerations among Kennedy and Johnson during the 1960s (Gettleman et al., 1995). It was additionally applied and used to both the expansible forces of the socialists. Concerning China, the United States was straightforwardly stressed over its association in locales as Korea since it expected that such an assault would decide the inclusion of the Chinese in Indochina. Moreover, when it went to the Soviet Union, the United States dreaded the Russians were excited about accomplishing control over the world. Every one of these feelings of trepidation are what prompted the essential arrangement paper NSC 68 that asked for an adequate military assurance or shield to control the extension and development of the Soviet Union and stop the forceful activities that where coordinated by the Soviet Union. Therefore, the paper strategy was significant as it spoke to the down to earth expansion of the Doctrines by Truman (Gettleman, et al., 1995). Other than the significance of remote political angles as basic determinants of the association of America in Vietnam, the elements like its household circumstance were likewise urgent. To start with, the McCarthyism wave had moved through the country during the 1950s. This pattern relied upon the contention that the U.S. had endured various disappointments during the Cold War, not in light of confinements of intensity, however through the critical nearness of socialist voices in its legislature, an allegation equivalent to treachery. Along these lines, the organization needed to take activities to protect itself from claims of being too powerless to even think about fighting socialism. Besides, the Truman organization encountered a great deal of strain to think of arrangements that would demonstrate its determination of anticommunism. Such arrangements included regulation that would support a faithful position in Indochina to stop the extension of Communism (McCormick, 1989). 3. Depict the ascent of Diema to control, his direct as a pioneer of South Vietnam, and his destruction. The main South Vietnamese president or pioneer was called Diem. After the wake of destruction and withdrawal of the French from Indochina as a result of the accords of a Geneva gathering in 1954, the pioneer drove a pivotal exertion to manufacture the Vietnam republic. The pioneer accomplished triumph during the 1955 plebiscite that was progressively tricky in the wake of amassing impressive help from the United States as a result of his solid enemy of socialism belief systems. He was a Roman catholic, and along these lines, he sought after approaches that were strictly abusive and one-sided against the Montgnard locals and its dominant part segments of Buddhists. Be that as it may, his approaches were generally tested and met with fights. In the midst of the various strict fights and differences that grabbed the eye of the entire world, the pioneer lost the help of the American benefactors (Jacobs, 2006). He was killed along with his sibling. Their executioner was a helper of Duong van Minh a general of the ARVN called Nguyenn Van Nhung. He was slaughtered during an overthrow in 1963 that ousted his organization. As the emergency with the Buddhists expanded in 1963, Vietnamese patriots who were non-socialist and the military began to prepare for an overthrow. Minh and his supporters ousted Diem’s government in a brisk upset. With just the royal residence monitor remaining to secure the pioneer and his sibling, the coordinators of the overthrow called to the royal residence requesting that the pioneer give up in return for banish. In any case, Diem and some of his nearby partners got away to Cholon where they were caught. The two siblings were executed in the rear of an individual bearer by the skipper with orders from their pioneer, Minh (Jacobs, 2006). 4. Was Ho Chi Minh even more a patriot that a socialist? Clarify your reaction by refering to chronicled proof that bolsters your case. Numerous individuals in the U.S. unequivocally accept that Ho Chi Minh was a resolute socialist. General society was overwhelmed with stories of the leader’s visit to China and Russia. There were accounts of how the socialist help for him was utilized to dominate and build up a fortification of the socialists in the southeastern piece of Asia. Notwithstanding, numerous people neglect to hear the remainder of the data (Chafe, 1986). Under his initiative, Vietnam had a type of help and a collusion with the U.S. during the Second World War the Japanese, was their shared adversary and gave them a shared opinion where the socialists offered help to the excusal of another outside trespasser. After the war finished, the pioneer set up structures in the administration in the nation accepting that the nation would return to being a sovereign state (Demma, 1989). The pioneer himself made a few suggestions to America and different countries for help as he looked for freedom for his nation. Indeed, even the assertion of Vietnam of autonomy demonstrated the patriot perspectives on Minh. He understood that America was not going to give him backing to autonomy, so as a realist, he went to China and Russia for help. As it follows, he strolled a slight line between being a socialist and patriot, and played the three nations without relinquishing his freedom. Many accept that his capacity was a pivotal sign of his tact. On the opposite side of this condition, the pioneer was an intensive and genuine socialist. He inhaled and lived belief systems of socialists and was savage when it came to accomplishing them. Many feel that he was a logical inconsistency of his belief systems. He was known as an extreme patriot and a brilliant socialist pioneer (Demma, 1989). 5. In what ways was Johnson’s acceleration of the American contribution in Vietnam a continuation of Kennedy’s approaches? In what ways, assuming any, were Johnson’s choices identified with Vietnam a takeoff from Kennedy’s arrangements? Johnson’s acceleration of the inclusion of the U.S. in Vietnam was not a continuation of the approaches of Kennedy. As Johnson assumed control over the administration after Kennedy kicked the bucket, from the outset he didn't think about Vietnam as a need and underscored on the making of his Great Society and social projects that would result to social movement. Be that as it may, his needs before long changed when he proclaimed war against socialism in 1963. This presentation came when Vietnam was breaking down especially after the upset that prompted the passing of Diem. Johnson turned around the separation strategy by Kennedy from the area by pulling back a thousand soldiers with his NSAM to emphasize the war. Johnson saw the Vietnam War as an approach to assuage his own coalitional corporate base of intensity and to utilize the enthusiasm tide to adulterate an accord in the household field to clear a path for his own arrangements (Schandler, 1977). At the point when it went to the military objectives, Johnson needed to stop the spread of socialism thoughts from China, and that along with the war’s continuous acceleration could be won without the endorsement of the worldwide powers. He relied upon

Racial Profiling in Airports Essays - Offender Profiling

Racial Profiling in Airports What is racial profiling? Racial profiling is a structure bigotry that centers around certain racial gatherings. Since 9/11 there have been sure gatherings of individuals that have been centered around while in air terminals. Irregular ventures accomplish work; racial profiling distinguishes individuals who know assaulted the U.S., and keep individuals safe. Then again, there are individuals who might differ with these contentions. They would state that racial profiling is ineffectual, arbitrary inquiries don't work, and is biased. Racial profiling is the best device that is utilized to forestall another assault; nonetheless, racial profiling should just be utilized as a safety effort just in air terminals. Racial profiling in air terminals is powerful in light of the fact that arbitrary ventures accomplish work. Irregular pursuits work since they can possibly stop not just outside fear based oppressors yet in addition residential psychological militants from assaulting air terminals. With the assaults on September 11, irregular pursuits can be utilized to screen more individuals who have aims of hurting honest individuals. Understanding the idea of the danger is the initial phase during the time spent deciding the most ideal approach to relieve it ( Pistole 1of 4). Similarly irregular look through aides and ensures that travelers, planes, and air terminals will shielded from any fear monger assaults or planes. It might be said irregular ventures are acceptable in light of the fact that it can stop a potential psychological militant assault and it will make travelers have a sense of security at air terminals and keeping in mind that on planes. Racial profiling recognizes individuals who know assaulted the U.S. It isn't difficult to see who assaulted us on September 11; the entirety of the proof focuses to the Arab people group. Spencer composes youthful Muslim Arab guys are dependable for the mind larger part of fear monger brutality around the globe today (1 of 3). A portion of the ongoing assaults that were submitted by Arabs are the Madrid train planes in March 2004, London aircraft in 2005. These gatherings of individuals can do this on a mass scale we need racial profiling more than at any other time. These individuals are willing to inconceivable acts to get their message across not make any difference how much the expense is regardless of whether it implies that it will cost them their lives and the lives of others. On the off chance that we are to gain from this , we have to profile any and everyone that fits the portrayal of the individuals who flew planes into structures that executed a large number of Americans. To what extent do we need to hold up until profiling can turn into a safety effort in air terminals, perhaps until there is another psychological militant assault? Protecting individuals is another explanation behind racial profiling. We need racial profiling to prevent these Muslim Arabs from submitting psychological militant assaults utilizing planes. They are liable for the entirety of the hijackings that took place on September eleventh. All are eager to murder Americans regardless of whether it implies yielding themselves. To wrap things up many lived in America for a long time . So as to hold these individuals under wraps, air terminals need the most recent innovation , Body scanners, for example, propelled imaging innovation (AIT) machines ( Ott 1 of 5). This machine is equipped for giving the screener an picture of an individual's body without them taking the entirety of their garments off . It shows that the individual has no weapons in or around their body that could make hurt others. Since 9/11 cockpit entryways have gotten more made sure about that thieves or any other person so far as that is concerned can get inside and take the plane over. U.S. Marshalls are currently on planes to cause individuals to feel more secure and to diffuse any circumstance that happens if one somehow happened to come up. Besides the one device that can protect individuals is one another. Assuming each body keeps an eye open for dubious action it will make it simpler for specialists to protect we all in air terminals. Not exclusively will these safety efforts and methods help cut down on assaults, yet in addition radically improve air terminal security. Racial profiling is ineffectual in light of the fact that it just spotlights on certain gathering of individuals rather than each body . To imagine that all fear based oppressor look a certain way are bound to be fear based oppressor. A

Write a critically essay on Liberalists view of International

Compose a basically on Liberalists perspective on International relations.Are these perspectives on any importance in present day worldJustify your answer - Essay Example These hypotheses can be separated into two. Positivist and the post positivist hypotheses. The distinction between these two hypotheses lies in the way that while positivist speculations, for example, authenticity, radicalism, and neo progressivism target clarifying the straightforward inquiry of why and how force is practiced in the worldwide domain, the post positivist hypotheses for the most part center around the subject of what power truly is, the thing that it is, the means by which it is repeated as well as experienced. (Prologue to worldwide relations, 2008) The leftists are those on the side of the liberal hypothesis/way of thinking in universal relations. There are different kinds of radicalism; association, institutional or even sociological and republican progressivism. (Jackson and Sorensen, 2007) The hypothesis has its premise on the vision hypothesis of worldwide relations. The hypothesis came about not long after World War 1 and is related with so much individuals as Woodrow Wilson and Emmanuel Kant. The hypothesis tried to clarify he reasons for World War One and how it could be stayed away from in future. As indicated by Woodrow Wilson, war just served to obliterate. Consequently, if nations could stay away from war the better for them. They would acquire from the universal collaboration than they would from any war. (Prologue to worldwide relations, 2008) In this way, the liberal way of thinking works on certain center presumptions. The first and most essential reason of the liberal way of thinking is the contention that the relationship that states have with different entertainers, state and non state, in the worldwide network, all things considered, shapes their conduct by affecting their inclinations. To the leftists, how states carry on in the worldwide field has more to do with their inclinations as opposed to their abilities. Thus, contingent upon such inward factors in states, for example, culture, the financial framework or even the sort of government in that, the inclinations are probably going to be unique in relation to state to

Human Genetic Screening Essay -- Science Genes DNA Essays

Human Genetic Screening Human hereditary screening is a procedure that is intricate and exceptionally incredible. Hereditary screening may identify some acquired attributes that may later on cause an individual to have an infection that may modify his/her life. Human life, similarly as with some other life form, is b uilt with cells. A human cell comprises of forty-six chromosomes, which are combined into twenty-three distinct sets. Every single one of these chromosomes conveys a huge number of qualities. Every quality comprises of data that codes for a specific attribute. This data is dictated by the DNA found in that quality. A quality for one attribute may have different alleles that will cause one individual to seem somewhat not the same as that of an individual with an alternate allele. A model would be of an individual with earthy colored hair. They would have a prevailing allele for hair shading, where as an individual with light hair would have two passive alleles for hair shading. It is conceivable to have an enormous number of various alleles for every characteristic, which is the reason individuals appear to be so unique from on e another (Reilly, Genetics, Law and Social Policy. p. 7). Ã'Although every individual has some variety in DNA, all individuals from the human species convey pretty much a similar arrangement of DNAÃ (Griffiths, An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. p. 4). Since there is such countless qualities it is a very complicat ed procedure to disconnect and distinguish the data in the DNA parts. In these pieces it is workable for scientists to: Ã' detach and portray at the atomic level single qualities that are liable for acquired hereditary ailments. Hereditary sick wellbeing can be partitioned into three significant sorts. The primary kind is acquired hereditary ailments brought about by irregular types of qualities that are passed on from on... .... Multifaceted nature Limits the forces of forecast. Feb. 1, 1996: p. 390. Griffiths, Anthony, Jeffrey mill operator, David Suzuki, Richard Lewontin, William Gelbart, An Introduction to Genetic Analysis, Sixth Edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 1996: p. 4,5-6. Koenig, Barbara, The New York Times. Quality Tests: What You Know Can Hurt You. April 6,1996: p. 15 Lehrman, Sally, Nature. Hereditary testing needs more checks. Nov. 9, 1995: p. 121. Masood, Ehsan, Nature. Quality tests: who profits by chance? . Feb. 1, 1996: P. 389. Reilly, Phillip, Genetics, Law, and Social Policy. President and colleagues of Harvard College. 1977: p. 7. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1993 Edition, 1993 World Book Inc. 1993: p. 85. Site #1 Written by: The Exploratorium , 3601 Lyon St., San Francisco, CA 94123 Site #2 Written by: The Exploratorium, 3601 Lyon St., San Francisco, CA 94123

The Beauty of Amazon California Bar Essay Writing With Examples and Trainings

The Beauty of Amazon California Bar Essay Writing With Examples and TrainingsThe beauty of Amazon California Bar Essay Writing is that there are so many different professional writing courses available, some teaching you everything you need to know while others may focus on certain areas. In this article I am going to outline the pros and cons of all the online options.Firstly let's consider the pros of online courses as opposed to traditional ones. This is because the best ones will involve you in a real world situation so you can actually see how things work out. You get to read other peoples' examples and think about your own, and although there may be a few whingers who take it too seriously, the majority of the online writing course materials are very much a part of an online correspondence school.Of course there is also the advantage of the software itself, which allows you to assess your work before you start submitting it, plus have the ability to suggest corrections or impro vements to your work as you go along. This is certainly not something that you can get from most of the online training courses.In addition to the online courses for California Bar Essay Writing are more often than not free, as they are usually the more expensive options of shorter term contract writing. However there are those that will ask for a small fee as there are those who have tried one of the online programs and failed and do not want to be left out in the cold.Another advantage is that the online training program is much more interactive than a standard teaching method. They can send information about your case to your witnesses via email and can help you track down all the necessary documentation. Plus you have access to the live chat facility, where you can ask questions and your lecturer is always around to answer them.These online training programs are also the easiest to carry out, because all you really need is a computer and internet connection. Also, there is no tr avelling to the location you will be lecturing in because the software is loaded straight onto your computer, meaning that you can easily copy all your lecture notes in the form of Word documents and have them all at your fingertips at all times.Finally, it is a good idea to use a self-assessment tool when first starting out, as this will allow you to monitor your progress and be able to gain a good grasp of what is expected of you. A good way to do this is to try some of the short term contracts with yourself first to see how well you do, as this is one of the easiest methods of evaluating your skills.All in all the advantages of the complete online courses are that you get to see your progress and carry on as normal, and you can carry out exercises every day to improve your ability to write and practice how to use the software. As I said before, it is a good idea to use a self-assessment tool to see where you are in your writing career and how well you are doing.

Detailed history of Homo Erectus (Essay) - 1650 Words

Detailed history of Homo Erectus (Essay Sample) Content: Homo Erectus[Name][Course][Name of Instructor][Date of Submission]Homo ErectusThe evolution of the vertebral column has been quite unclear ascribed to limited fossils of Miocene and Plio-Pleistocene hominids. However, the few samples discovered, have contributed significantly to the development of knowledge in line to evolution and understanding of the postcranial skeleton or otherwise the hominids. The distinctive features which encompass dental and cranial pieces avail the earliest evidence of hominids and their existence (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009). The immediate hominid ancestors, as well as the modern humans, are discerned from apes by more perceptible features than the teeth and jaw dimensions (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009). Examples of the hominids include the early forms of the hominids; Sahelanthropus, Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Later Australopiths and early members of genus Homo- Habilis, Georgicus, erectus, erg aster, and the contemporary ho minoids that included human, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan and bonobo (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009).Homo erectus survived approximately between two million and three hundred thousand years ago. The discovery of the fossils began in the 19th century. In tandem to this, the hominid represented a different grade- an evolutionary grouping of organisms showing a similar adaptive pattern- of evolution, which is largely different from the ancient predecessors (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009). Home erectus evinced different forms of characteristics, which indicated that these hominids were like the modern humans in their adaptive patterns. The characteristics comprised of increase in body size and robustness, change in limbs proportion, and an avid encephalization (increase in the mass of the brain) (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009). Similarly, there are alternate species designations for Homo erectus fossils from Africa and Eurasia, and they include Homo ergaster, a lager-brained successor to Homo Habilis from Africa and Asia, Homo antecessor, earliest Homo fossils from western Europe, and Homo heidelbergenesis, originally coined for the Mauer jaw (Haviland, Prins, Walrath McBride, 2011).Discovery and Fossil of Homo erectusDifferent dates, sites and evolutionary significance characterize the key H. erectus discovery from Africa. A fossil of an exceptionally large individual, claimed to be a H. erectus, aged 1.4 million years, was obtained in Olduvai Gorge in Kenya. Further, another significant H. erectus fossil from East Africa was discovered in Nariokotome, West Turkana in Kenya. The fossil was a young male, with the skeleton nearly complete, and re-dated at 1.6 million years ago (Jurmain, Kilgore, Trevathan Ciochon, 2012). In light with this, an essential fossil from East Turkana, Kenya, with a vast variation, notably among individual, was also discovered. The fossil was re-dated at 1.7 million years ago, and, it has been regarded as the oldest H. erectus specimen ever found, and, this is largely attributed to the presence of sexual dimorphism (Jurmain et al, 2012). In Europe, they were mainly two cites, Ceprano in Italy, and Dmanisi in the Republic of Georgia, with clear evidence of existence of H. erectus. In Ceprano, there was a discovery of a fossil that depicted a full blown morphology. Similarly, in Dmanisi, there was a representation of dispersed H. erectus from Africa characterized by small bodies and brains (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009). In Asia, the principal discoveries were done in Java, in Indonesia and Zhoukoudian, in China. The fossils re-dated at 1.6 million years ago, and they showed massive adaption to colder environments (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009).Until about 1.8 million years ago, Africa was the only home to the bipedal primates. The bipeds, the genus homo, and the invention of the first stone tool all originated in this continent (Haviland et al, 2011). During the period of Homo erectus, the members of the genus homo had begun to spread, relatively outside Africa, and researchers have obtained fossils of this species in places like china, India, Java, Georgia, and parts of Western Europe (Haviland et al, 2011). Further, the fossils obtained from the different continents, were unified by a vast number of characteristics; nevertheless, they are a few differences within and among the Homo erectus inhabiting discrete region of Africa, Asia and Europe (Haviland et al, 2011).The Morphology of Homo erectusJurmain, Kilgore and Trevathan (2009), assert that the Homo erectus population shared several common physical traits despite their inhabitation of different environments in different parts of the world. The traits encompassed a plethora of facets, which are likely to be categorized in body size, brain size, and cranial shape. In relation to the body size, the Homo erectus was immensely larger than the previous hominids, ascribed to the discovery of a complete skeleton of "Nariokoto me Boy" in Nariokotome on the west side of Lake Turkana in Kenya. Further, it is also evident that the adult H. erectus weighed over fifty kilograms, with a relative height of one and half meters (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009). Further, they were quite sexually dimorphic-existing in two distinct forms à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬as indicated by several specimens from East Africa, and the increase in height and weight, was also associated with the spectacular increase in muscular composition (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009).The brain size of the H. erectus differed in several facets from both the Homo sapiens, and the early genus of Homo, relative to cranial size (Jurmain et al, 2012). The early genus of Homo possessed a cranial content ranging from 500 to 800 centimeter cubic. On the other hand, the H. erectus exhibits a substantial brain blowup, with cranial capacity of about 700 to 1250 centimeter cubic, and an average of 900 centimeter cubic (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009; Jurmain et al, 2012). Thence, it is a discernable that the brain size of H. erectus is closely colligated to the overall body size; however, the hominid was less encephalized than the subsequent members of the genus Homo (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009; Jurmain et al, 2012).In addition to this, the crania of the H. erectus revealed a unique and distinct shape, largely attributed to the increased brain size. The ramifications of the cranium were heavily built and depicted through thick cranial bone, large brow ridges above the eyes, and a projection of nuchal torus at the back of the skull, on the occipital bone (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009; Jurmain et al, 2012). The cranium was also broader at the base, with a maximum cranial breadth below the earlobe, hence acquiring a pentagonal shape. Besides, the brain sheath was long and low, drawing back from the large brow ridges, forming a little forehead development (Jurmain, Kilgore Trevathan, 2009; Jurmain et al, 2012).Tools in H. erectus Popul ationThe temporal span of the H. erectus comprised of two different stone tools. The species began by using Oldowan tools, which consisted of side scraper, point, end scrapper and burin, and they were spread to Dmanisi, Java and Spain by the H. erectus immigrants (Jurmain et al, 2012). Another set of tools, referred to as Acheulian was invented about 1.4 million years ago, and the significant change made in the set was the replacement of the Oldowan choppers by more sophisticated hand axe, referred to as a Biface. The tools worked on both sides, and they were shaped by regular blows giving them a larger and finer cutting edge than most of the chopper tools (Haviland et al, 2011). The introduction of this set was due to the large brain. Most of the tools originated from stones, and the Acheulian tool users, would pick suitable pieces of stones as they transported raw materials (Jurmain et al, 2012).SocialityIn line with this, fossils ascertained in southern Africa, attest that the H . erectus may have started using fire by one million years ago (Haviland et al, 2011). The fire gave them more control over their environment, through allowing them to progress with their activities after dark, and scare aware wild animals and predators. Further, the fire supplied them with warmth, and, it lit the caves in which they dwelt ...

Human Sexuality And Its Impact On Society - 896 Words

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Quantum Physics Overview, Concepts, and History

Quantum physics is the study of the behavior of matter and energy at the molecular, atomic, nuclear, and even smaller microscopic levels. In the early 20th century, scientists discovered that the laws governing macroscopic objects do not function the same in such small realms. What Does Quantum Mean? Quantum comes from the Latin meaning how much. It refers to the discrete units of matter and energy that are predicted by and observed in quantum physics. Even space and time, which appear to be extremely continuous, have the smallest possible values. Who Developed Quantum Mechanics? As scientists gained the technology to measure with greater precision, strange phenomena was observed. The birth of quantum physics is attributed to Max Plancks 1900 paper on blackbody radiation. Development of the field was done by Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Richard Feynman, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schroedinger, and other luminary figures in the field. Ironically, Albert Einstein had serious theoretical issues with quantum mechanics and tried for many years to disprove or modify it. Whats Special About Quantum Physics? In the realm of quantum physics, observing something actually influences the physical processes taking place. Light waves act like particles and particles act like waves (called wave particle duality). Matter can go from one spot to another without moving through the intervening space (called quantum tunnelling). Information moves instantly across vast distances. In fact, in quantum mechanics we discover that the entire universe is actually a series of probabilities. Fortunately, it breaks down when dealing with large objects, as demonstrated by the Schrodingers Cat thought experiment. What is Quantum Entanglement? One of the key concepts is quantum entanglement, which describes a situation where multiple particles are associated in such a way that measuring the quantum state of one particle also places constraints on the measurements of the other particles. This is best exemplified by the EPR Paradox. Though originally a thought experiment, this has now been confirmed experimentally through tests of something known as Bells Theorem. Quantum Optics Quantum optics is a branch of quantum physics that focuses primarily on the behavior of light, or photons. At the level of quantum optics, the behavior of individual photons has a bearing on the outcoming light, as opposed to classical optics, which was developed by Sir Isaac Newton. Lasers are one application that has come out of the study of quantum optics. Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) Quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the study of how electrons and photons interact. It was developed in the late 1940s by Richard Feynman, Julian Schwinger, Sinitro Tomonage, and others. The predictions of QED regarding the scattering of photons and electrons are accurate to eleven decimal places. Unified Field Theory Unified field theory is a collection of research paths that are trying to reconcile quantum physics with Einsteins theory of general relativity, often by trying to consolidate the fundamental forces of physics. Some types of unified theories include (with some overlap): Quantum GravityLoop Quantum GravityString Theory / Superstring Theory / M-TheoryGrand Unified TheorySupersymmetryTheory of Everything Other Names for Quantum Physics Quantum physics is sometimes called quantum mechanics or quantum field theory. It also has various subfields, as discussed above, which are sometimes used interchangeably with quantum physics, though quantum physics is actually the broader term for all of these disciplines. Major Findings, Experiments, and Basic Explanations Earliest Findings Black Body RadiationPhotoelectric Effect Wave-Particle Duality Youngs Double Slit ExperimentDe Broglie Hypothesis The Compton Effect Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Causality in Quantum Physics - Thought Experiments and Interpretations The Copenhagen InterpretationSchrodingers CatEPR ParadoxThe Many Worlds Interpretation

Why Isnt Water On the Periodic Table

The periodic table  of elements only includes individual chemical elements.  Water is not found on the periodic table because it does not consist of a single element. An element is a form of matter than cannot be broken down into simpler particles using any chemical means. Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. The smallest particle of water is a water molecule, which is made of two atoms of hydrogen bonded to one atom of oxygen. Its formula is H2O and it can be broken down into its components, so it is not an element.The hydrogen and oxygen atoms of water do not contain the same number of protons as each other -- they are different substances. Contrast this with a lump of gold. The gold can be finely subdivided, but the smallest particle, the gold atom, has the same chemical identity as all of the other particles. Each gold atom contains the exact same number of protons. Water as an Element Water was considered to be an element in some cultures for a very long period of time, but this was before scientists understood atoms and chemical bonding. Now, the definition of an element is more precise. Water is considered a type of molecule or compound.

The Human Race - 937 Words

From the genesis of the human race, to the present human beings have been trying to find a sense of unity (disalienation) amongst their counterparts, but power struggles and social stratification have made this a never ending attempt. Karl Marx and Alexis Tocqueville have given the reader an insight into ‘alienation’ through the course of their historic analyses. Emancipation, though described as the â€Å"act of liberation from social, political and legal systems† (Merriam-Webster) has become subjective in nature, as society is controlled by power struggles, class divisions, followed by a contrasting want to create an egalitarian environment. This position paper seeks to answer the overbearing question, â€Å"Is the human race really free from alienation in the form of labor, family, power relations and most importantly the right to free freely?† through a comparative framework developed on the exemplary works of Marx and Tocqueville. Commencing with ‘Democracy in America’, Tocqueville uses this platform to show the differences in democracy and aristocracy or alienation and disalienation. He uses America as the epitome of a democratic society, while Europe and particularly England form the basis of aristocracy. He implicitly defines alienation through his analysis on the division of lords and serfs in England, â€Å"Men in an aristocratic society are irrevocably marshalled according to their profession, social standing, property and birth, they feel a deep sense of sympathy towardsShow MoreRelatedIs The Human Race?868 Words   |  4 Pagespositive cognition, Sigmund Freud, a neurologist and initiator of the concept of psychoanalysis, acquainted civilization as being something inadequate. Thus, civilization enables the human race to feel genuine happiness by outlawing actions that come instinctively by our individual psyche. Freud argues that the human race was born inherently savage, meaning that each individual has inborn instincts that make them barbaric. In his book, Civilization and Its Discontents, he states, â€Å"The element of truthRead MoreThe Human Race867 Words   |  4 PagesThe story of the human race has been filled with many motifs that have been repeatedly woven throughout the tapestry of human history. Yet there is one theme of mankind that is constant in many societies and civilizations that many people have overlooked as one of the necessary keys to the growth of humanity. Oppression. Oppression of humans has been an almost constant characteristic in many civilizations in almost every part of the Western world and at almost any time period. But as abhorrent andRead MoreThe Human Race Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pagesno peculiar, eccentric human being, but you are fully human. To be Christian means to be human.† Herman Bavinck This quote from Herman Bavinck was read to start the semester. 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These people have helped us to understand many mysteries of science, and also, they have contributed to have the technology we have today. Also, in education we have been working with new stuff every day. Every country has created a system of education to prepare students for life. We hav e included calculatorsRead MoreHuman Race And Human Population1443 Words   |  6 PagesModern humans began to develop nearly 200 000 years ago and ever since then populations of homosapiens have spread across the entire world. Almost every environment we as humans have come across has in time had to change to try and meet the needs of all the species that populate the earth together with the enormously increased human population. Sadly the human population covers over 80% of the earth’s surface with various activities constantly upsetting the natural habitat of species. The human raceRead MoreHuman Evolution And The Human Race Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagesbeneficial and important to the human race, through a series of questionable morals and vast amounts of wrongdoings have created a situation of over-innovation, or innovating past the point of benefit. Though from a cynical perspective, it is vital that we question what we do. Are we doing what is truly best for ourselves, our planet, and our neighbors? Or are we striving so arduously that we have essentially skewed right from wrong, and found ourselves in a situation that humans have lost the sense of morals

Left versus Right Brain and Learning - 800 Words

Left versus Right Brain and Learning Each person has a governing hemisphere and once learning becomes a technical process, the idyllic portion of the brain takes charge of solving the issue at hand. There are two sides of the brain, which directly influence learning and produce different ways of receiving, storing and responding to information which ultimately affects our whole learning process. The cerebral cortex is broken down into two hemispheres, left and right, with it being home to the functions that make us human (Lucas, 2008). Human beings are expected to process information based on their dominant hemisphere, even though the learning process improves as a result of the two hemispheres functioning together. This means that we†¦show more content†¦Most significantly, the left-brain is often described as being better at: language, logic, critical thinking, numbers, and reasoning (Cherry, 2014). The positive effects of the left sided brain learners are that they can ea sily and quickly evoke names rather than appearances and express with very few gestures thus evolving much more robust communication patterns. Left sided learners are also highly systematized and and have great time management skills and enjoy creating lists to plot out plans day to day. Left brainers are more likely to thrive in certain careers such as; computer programmers, accounting firms, engineering plants and many more technical career fields. Furthermore, the right brain impacts learning by concurrent hemispheric style, which is deliberated as being global. The main focus of the right brain is visual, which means they process information in an expressive way and like to show creativity in their work (Cherry, 2014). Right brain learners prefer to learn by visually seeing the whole picture first, and then eyeing at the specifics after that. They will also develop information in a sequential format, starting with details leading up to a intangible understanding of the skill at hand. This generally means it impacts learning by beginning with the overall theory and then going on to details. Students with a right brain dominance should integrate a number of hands on activities, which will help with learning the assignment (Education Alliance,Show MoreRelatedLeft Versus Right Brain and Learning Essay737 Words   |  3 PagesEach person has a governing hemisphere and once learning becomes a technical process, the idyllic portion of the brain takes charge of solving the issue at hand. There are two sides of the brain, which are the left and the right brain. These directly influence learning and produce different ways of receiving, storing and responding to information that ultimately affects our whole learning process. 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An Individual that is aware ofRead MoreLeft1188 Words   |  5 PagesLeft Versus Right Brain And The Impacts Learning Human brain has two hemispheres with different function and each has an impact in human learning. The left hemisphere The element of human linear reasoning and language is performed by the left hemisphere. This means that it is the part of the brain responsible for things as grammar and vocabulary (Kalat, 2009). With linear reasoning, this simply gives an added advantage of numerical computation to the persons with the left brain part beingRead MoreGraduation Speech : The Achievement Gap1182 Words   |  5 Pageslinguistically marginalized and poor families and other students (Nieto, 2010). Barton (2004) asserted that the basic rights to equal school access eventually became a reality, but that equal access had not led to equal achievement. 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CALL refers to the useRead MoreThe Effects of Bilingualism on Cognitive Development Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pagesyears old can speak other than English at home and this number is expected to increase in the coming years. On top of social reasons, the positive effects to the cognitive development of the brain when introduced to a second language are of many. The age of acquisition is vital due to the plasticity of the brain, which according to the critical period hypothesis, begins to level after five years of age. In addition to plasticity, bilingual speakers are more capable of focusing their attention to solve

Environmental and Economic Performance of Firms

Question: Discuss about the Environmental and Economic Performance of Firms. Answer: Introduction Apple Inc is one of the consumer electronics organizations in America. The company concentrates in conception and fabrication of electronics and software products. The start of the company took place in 1976 in Cupertino, California involving the sales and support of a variety of personal computers, software and hardware accessories, mobile phones, and music players. The company operates some online shops and stores that help in the selling of its products. Apple Inc product portfolio comprises Macintosh for personal computers, iPods, iPads, and iPhones. In this industry, there is a clear distinction between mature and emerging markets. This is based relatively on the strength of Apples distribution channels (Masi, 2009). At the same time, it is an important factor for Apple Inc to consider incorporating factors influencing sales of their products within the American market before full consideration of the entire global market. In this case, since market positioning is critical in th e determination of higher margins, it is necessary for Apple to invest massively in product brands that appeal mostly to the young people (Budikova, 2014). According to Kotler et al., (2014), Marketing refers to the art and science of creating value for goods and services delivered to consumers for the reasons of satisfying needs at an expected profit. In this study, marketing concepts or marketing management philosophies give guidelines to the business on the application of marketing efforts. These theories are applicable in the process of identifying and fulfilling consumer needs while also benefiting the company. Some of the marketing management philosophies include production concept, product concept, marketing concept, selling concept, and social marketing concept (Kotler et al., 2014). On production concept, consumers of electronic products always desire to buy at affordable prices. The products should also be widely available to customers. In this case, Apple, for instance, ensures that the demand for their iPads is more than the supply according to the impression through their website. In the year at the launch of its iPads, they successfully used this concept to make significant sales. In this case, it was easy for the company to moderate their prices to suit the consumer demand. The concept also works for Apple since their market is spread all over the world (Kotler et al., 2014). The product concept focuses on quality of the product despite its high price. This philosophy assumes that customers would still purchase a high-quality product irrespective of price and availability. Apple products are of high technological quality in the market and, therefore, sell at higher prices, in fact, their objective is never to sell low-cost goods (Kotler et al., 2014). The selling philosophy focuses on the actual sale of company products. This concept disregards the quality aspect, and consumer need rather focuses on making money. However, Apple does not use this concept so much since the company takes the issue of building relationships with customers seriously. The marketing concept focuses on providing products to consumers that fulfill their needs (Datamonitor, 2006). This enables the building of strong relationships between company and customers hence generating profits in the long-run. There is also the societal marketing philosophy that focuses on fulfilling customer needs without affecting the entire environment or rather maintaining societys well-being. It is important for large companies such as Apple to involve corporate social responsibility as crucial part of their marketing concept (Kotler et al., 2014). The strength of Apple is in its ability and focus on user-friendly customer experience. In this case, Apple ensures that their products appear delightful and friendly to consumers. This concept is easily provided through innovative features such as gesture touch-screen and personal assistant SIRI. Users prove that the design of Apple devices is customer compatible in both digital and entertainment hub. This ensures that Apple has a passionate brand community of followers that take company brand values as their identity. In this case, Apple is implementing relationship and social marketing concepts to propagate their sales and market dominance (Lantos, 2015). External Environment PEST analysis is a valuable strategic tool that enables easy identification of business status, position and growth within a defined market environment. The device is also applicable in the analysis and classification of market development and decline (Kotler and Armstrong, 2013). Considering the markets primary characteristics, Apple Inc is one of the leading asset management company as well as Smartphone producer in the global market. Apple Inc distinct itself as one of the businesses that produce and runs together hard-wares and soft-wares. Notably, the Company allows its consumers to share contents through Apple devices by availing an exclusive platform within the media referred to as iTunes (Digital Marketing, 2011). Apple boasts of some of the unique innovations such as that of iPad that attracts significant sales, an attribute that can only be delivered by Apple (Burns, 2012). The sales of some of the products such as iPad, Mac, and iPhones have increased by a significant perc entage over the years. The PEST analysis is a necessary tool that is crucial in this case for the reasons of gaining an understanding of the Apples business potential. The tool is also vital since it helps the company identify the direction of its operations including the knowledge of the future market environment. There are major problems that companies are unable to control that involves political instabilities, global health issues and other uncertainties that eventually affects the sale of Apple products within the global market (Anon, n.d). Apple Inc reduces operating costs by outsourcing their productions in different countries in Scandinavia region, China, and Korea. In the case of any political instability within these countries, there is a delay in manufacturing processes that eventually affect Apples appealing nature in the face of consumers and various dealers (Burns, 2012). On the economic front, the purchasing power of any region depends on its financial abilities. The increase in the rate of unemployment within the global platform has negatively affected the sale of Apple products (DeWitt, 2012). Moreover, the increase in world oil prices resulted in inflation of the worlds economy that eventually affected sales of Apple products in different regions owing to its perceived high prices. This reduced the purchasing power of the consumers, therefore, negatively impacting sales. However, the recent times have shown immense recovery to the worlds economy, therefore, making Apple purchase foreign currencies making Apple increase its revenue within the global market (Apple Inc, 2012). Social Environment On the Social front, Apple Inc has always utilized two factors to affirm the quality of their products; this is the design and quality. The majority prefers to purchase luxury products since they can afford. In this case, the iPhones and iPads experience a significant increase in purchase across different market segments globally. The growth in the music industry has improved and this accounts for the biggest social influence on Apple since the major essential music store used by the majority is iTunes. The use of iTunes and other Apple products defines the modern lifestyle, therefore, making the company benefit from the social aspect (McGrath, 2012). Concerning the technological factors, Apple is renowned for its innovative abilities and high-grade technology products. The company invests heavily in research and development making it be at the top of new innovative productions. The aspect of their products that makes them user-friendly is admirable across consumer networks. Apple Inc is one of the big brand names in the Consumer Electronics Industry globally. The industry has fierce competition from key players such as Google, RIM, Nokia, Hewlett-Packard, and Samsung. The nature of competition within this industry can best be analyzed through Porters five competitive forces. There is intense competition within the industry from potential companies such as Samsung and Google (Reisinger, 2012). However, Apple Inc focuses significantly on building technical support and creation of loyalty amongst customers including the production of quality products. This aspect has given Apple an upper hand, therefore, making its products not to go on sale. Their productivity levels have been maintained without marking down products while generating superiority through Android phones, tablets as well as e-Readers at affordable prices (Loma, 2012). The aspect of the bargaining power of vendors has the potential of downing the profits of the company through high supply prices. Apple Inc is still growing, therefore, requires new suppliers of their raw materials. They utilize their online website to register new suppliers, hence, reduces the bargaining power of vendors by making the registration open. In this case, a large number of suppliers are attracted, which reduces their bargaining power through competition amongst the large number of vendors (Apple, 2010). In pursuit of a significant market share, there is a need for Apple to meet the expectations of customers. This is achievable by focusing on different segments divided based on educational level, age as well as income. The aspect on differential makes buyers switch quickly to other products driven by price sensitivity. Google provides high competition on smartphone and tablet markets due to the fall of Blackberry that was once a leader in Smartphone production within American market (Travlon, 2012). However, Apple Inc still holds a significant market share that amounts close to 75% of industrys profit. This narrows the chances of Apples customers to switch brands since their loyalty to Apple brand is very strong. Threat of Substitute product In this industry, the need of consumers is almost the same making the aspect on substitution difficult. This makes the threat of substitute to operate on price and performance that influences consumers to switch products. Apple reduces the threat of substitute through its large base of loyal customers. The company has created an ecosystem that enables users to buy iPhones for standard as well as other products based on stability and ease to upgrade. Such attributes grant the customer the ability to transfer knowledge as well as apps amongst devices (Segan, 2012). Whenever an industry experiences entrance of more companies in the market, the possibility is that the existing companies experience decreasing market share. However, Apple maintains the market share through differentiation of its product brands and ensuring the existence of valuable marketing strategies (Kurtz et al., 2007). The high brand image of Apple makes it overcome any form of competition; this also includes its innovativeness and excellent customer services. Apple Inc uses differentiation strategy to distinct its products from other competitors within the market. The design of its products seem outstanding and of high quality whereby Apple Inc considers easiness of use from beginners to prominent users within the market (Masi, 2009). The company invests in value creation by focus as well as cost leadership whereby it outsources its production to reduce costs. Apple ensures such outsourcing to third parties is through massive economies of scale. The companies from whom Apple Inc outsource acts like the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) with Apple focusing on user interface and industrial design. This ensures that they maintain highly innovative and user-friendly devices that are stylish. These highly personalized and people friendly devices ensures that Apple remains distinctive even in their product prices in the market (Laudon and Traver, 2016). Apple Inc proves to be the master of teaser campaign mechanism whereby they cultivate and drag the suspense on their product development processes. Before the release of any product, the company advertises over social media creating a cliffhanger as consumers speculate on the outcome. Such marketing principle generates massive consumer interest for free, which they eventually convert into sales volume. The essence is that Apple ensures that they build relationships with the leading influencers in the industry; the media and bloggers (Webber, 2013). From the perspective of relationship marketing, the best way for a company to promote its products is to involve others and allow them to propagate the rest on behalf of the Company. The use of such third-party experts ensures the success of teaser campaigns that eventually results into a full-blown marketing campaign that builds interest and momentum over time (Apple, 2010). The other aspect that Apple Inc uses involves the creation of an illusion of scarcity on their products for the ultimate purpose of increasing demand. The point on poverty ensures that the Apple products remain more desirable and in demand within the market. In this case, the aspect on scarcity propels the trendy consumers besides the value of the product and all the procrastinators to anxiously buy the products (Tontini et al., 2014). For instance, on the launch of iPhone 5 in September 2012, the Apple website reported that they had massive demand that necessitated a delay in delivery of the product. Such illusion on scarcity created an impression amongst the consumers that they could only pre-order the phone for delivery to take place. This made the iPhone 5 to set record sales on day one, due to the impression on prolonged difficulty of owning one (Brondoni, 2014). In their quest to deliver value, Apple Inc also focuses on providing friendly customer experiences. In this case, their products are portrayed as having different, friendly, and delightful designs (Morschett et al., 2015). In this case, the core driver of Apple products involves ease of use experiences with innovative features such as a touchscreen that senses gestures for zooming and scrolling as well as personal assistants. Design and packaging also add value to their products, Apple Inc is known to package their products brilliantly. This acts as an important technological product differentiator. All Apple products convey the companys brand personality especially the unified visual identity alongside distinctive appearance (Apple, 2016). Moreover, Apple Inc has evolved a brand culture that is friendly and upmarket, which have attracted massive passionate following identifying themselves with brand innovativeness. It is important for such companies to define the meaning behind their brands before zeroing in on the types of consumers that share the same values. This value enables Apple Inc in the creation of digital communities for easy connection between fans and the company and amongst the fans themselves (Stone and Woodcock, 2014). The issue concerning rivalry amongst firms is best countered through brand positioning; this calls for the need of focusing on the quality of the designed products. The case on branding Apple Inc through globally recognized names makes the identity appealing amongst the consumers (Cornelissen, 2014). The other unique process adopted by Apple is the idea of presenting company branded products in easy to read, understandable, and friendly language. Apple utilizes the art of brand positioning to solve problems that surround marketability in some regions. Such marketing strategy is appropriate in cases where consumers demand unique characteristics on the product such as easiness to use. Moreover, for the reasons of penetrating some emerging market segments, it is advisable that the company acquire a local-based strong brand. Reinforcing the brand image requires the inclusion of meaningful ideas through naming, color as well as a symbol (Hopwood, 2005). SWOT Analysis The major strength of Apple is in its market position and consumer trustworthiness that increases its competitive advantage. The company boasts of variety of software and apps that are interlinked to maintain each other. Further, the company has a large capital base and operates on profits, not debts which are an advantage over its competitors. They provide customers with high-quality experiences in their retail stores and also invest heavily on brand awareness (Strategic Management Insight, 2013). Apple Inc has weaknesses on its great pricing mechanism, whereby most of its products are highly priced as compared to competitors. In such a case, consumers can easily obtain similar products of the same function at a lower price from the competitors (Strategic Management Insight, 2013). The other aspect concerns the rows within the management team, especially after the death of Steve Jobs (Kahn, 2012). Concerning opportunities, Apple products such as iPad and iPad mini have the opportunity of increasing market share due to the high demand from consumers. At the same time, the launch of the iTV increases the sales margin including the experienced growth in the smart-phone and tablet markets. The increasing trend in mobile advertising presents an opportunity for Apple since it allows advertisements on iPads and iPhones through its Ad advertising platform (Strategic Management Insight, 2013). From the perspective of Doole and Lowe (2008), the overall structure of the industry provides abundant opportunities for innovativeness. However, the desirable structural attributes within Apples areas of operation gives the company the needed capability that is necessary to capture a significant market share. The rapid changes in technology present one of the biggest threats to Apple and its competitors. This is since the current lifestyle is more technology loving, therefore, demands innovations within the shortest time possible (Chen et al., 2016). In this case, there is a lot of pressure facing companies due to the high nature of competition from rivalry firms. At the same time, regional economic wave affects the growth of the enterprise such as an increase in tax in the United States of America. Apple Inc has Samsung as the sole provider of application processors; therefore, chances are high of them to charge high prices on Apple Inc due to the absence of feasible substitute company that can supply application processors (Jung, 2012). Further, Apple faces stiff competition from Android OS which serves as the main competitor for its iOS and can quickly overtake them in the market. Conclusion The strength of Apple Inc is in its product portfolio that includes many electronic products such as cell phones, personal computers, iTunes alongside other related services and also networking solutions. Apples market position is measurable through its operating performance that impresses investors and stakeholders. However, the companys profitability can be affected by fierce competition from rivals in the same market (Data monitor, 2006). The demand on the market is dynamic and crucial since they focus on quality that satisfies curiosity. For instance, in the process of unveiling innovations, the consumers should be assured on the advancement of new qualities capable of addressing important individual desires. This is since consumers can at times be wrongly enticed through false assurances that eventually lead to disappointments and consequently loss of trust with the consumers. In this case, the management should take time ostensibly in managing organizational sustainability through the management of performance in financial assets, the health of employees and intellectual property. At the same time, the management should presume their compliance with international ethical standards and laws. Recommendations Apple should be careful concerning the legal and political areas within its areas of operation. This is mainly because Apple Inc outsources its services to different countries to reduce operating costs. The company has to identify an alternative supplier of processors to reduce risk since it purchases application processors from Samsung which is a direct threat to its operations. Consequently, Apple Inc should reinforce its presence in the emerging markets within regions like middle-East and Africa. This is since the existing economic trends in the wider European market are changing progressively. Such trends largely influence business activities, therefore, encouraging the formation of alliances as well as partnerships between related companies (Raza-Ullah et al., 2014). However, joining such alliances will demand that Apple and its accomplice supplies products that are capable of attaining competitive advantage in relation to the standards within the target market. In this case, Apple Inc will have to restructure various marketing strategies and activities that involve supply concepts as well as practices that have the capability of addressing complexities within the market. However, the company will also have to strategize on how to overcome the issue on integration across supply chains within specified markets. Regarding the distribution channels, Apple s hould try to add to the number of stores currently existing and also such joint venture with identified organizations will help the company to expand its business venture. Also one of the best remedies that can easily deal with rivalry in competition involves purchasing of highly rated brands within specified regions. This presents a probable solution to markets such as the Scandinavian and Asia. The initial step of maintaining balance and stability within the management structure provides the advantage on strategic moves. In this case, the Apple Inc should profoundly influence the use of aggressive promotional techniques contrary to that of their competitors. A good example is a of creating awareness on the companys product portfolio through their website and social media (Wagner et al., 2001). The company should also invent different promotional techniques that ensure the creation of influence and stability. On technical fronts, Apple should make sure that every touch point between the business products and consumers conveys a strong brand personality with a unified visual identity that sets the company apart from other competitors. This strategy requires that Apple also involves the use of in-person meet-ups that easily connects to business fans. There is also need for creating more digital communities through applications such as WhatsApp. There is also the aspect of identifying and making a detailed analysis of the impact of other companies within different target markets. This involves analysis of the most preferable and applicable product promotion techniques for electronic consumers, especially in home markets. References Anon, n.d. Internal and External business environment of Apple. Available at https://www.ukessays.com/ Apple Insider. 2013. Apples iPhone grew to 25.1% global market share in 2012. Available at https://appleinsider.com/articles/ Apple Inc. 2016. Company Profile. Available at https://www.apple.com/ Brondoni, S.M., 2014. Innovation and Imitation for Global Competitive Strategies. The Corporation Development Models of US, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Symphonya. Emerging Issues in Management, (1), pp.12-27. Budikova, J., 2014. Discussion: how digital trends are changing the marketing landscape. Central European Business Review, 2, pp.57-58. Burns, M.., 2012. Apple Q2 2012: 35.1M iPhones, 11.8M iPads, 4M Macs, and 7.7MiPods. [online] Available at: https://techcrunch.com/2012/04/24/apple-q2-2012-35-1m-iphones-11-8m-ipads-4m-macs-and-7-7m-ipods/ Chen, C.M. and Ann, B.Y., 2016. Efficiencies vs. importance-performance analysis for the leading smartphone brands of Apple, Samsung and HTC. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 27(3-4), pp.227-249. Cornelissen, J., 2014. Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Datamonitor .2006. Apple Computer, Inc. [online] Available at: https://www.alacra.com/acm/2009_sample.pdf [Accessed 30 April 2013] DeWitt, P.E. 2012. Whats eating Apple? The analysts weigh in. [online] Available at: https://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2012/11/14/apple-shares-fallen-wall-street-analysts/ Doole, I. Lowe, R. 2008. International marketing strategy. Available online: https://estore.bized.co.uk/ Driscoll, M.2009. Public Relations and advertising. Available online: https://aboutpublicrelations.net/ Hopwood, B. 2005. Sustainable development: mapping different approaches. Sustainable Development, (13), 3852. Jung, S. 2012. A little less Samsung in Apple sourcing. [online] Available at: https://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2012/09/10/a-little-less-samsung-in-apple-sourcing/#axzz2THpqrqbe Kahn, J.2012. IDC: Samsung takes top smartphone marketshare in Q1, as Apple hits 8.8-percent high of total mobile phonemarket. [online] Available at: https://9to5mac.com/2012/05/01/idc-samsung-takes-top-smartphone-marketshare-in-q1-as-apple-hits-8-8-high-of-total-mobile-phone-market/ Kotler, P. Armstrong, G.2013. Principles of marketing 15th global edition. Pearson. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Ancarani, F. and Costabile, M., 2014. Marketing management 14/e. Pearson Lantos, G.P., 2015. Consumer behavior in action: Real-life applications for marketing managers. Routledge Laudon, K.C. and Traver, C., 2016. E-Commerce 2016: Business, Technology, Society. Pearson Higher Ed. Masi, B.2009. Strategic Analysis of Apple Inc. [online] Available at: https://www.scribd.com/doc/24134877/Strategic-Analysis-of-Apple-Inc-Brian-Masi McGrath, D. 2012. Apple coming to Dominate electronics Supply Chain. Available at https://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/ Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H. and Zentes, J., 2015. Strategic international management. Springer. Raza-Ullah, T., Bengtsson, M. and Kock, S., 2014. The coopetition paradox and tension in coopetition at multiple levels. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2), pp.189-198. Reisinger, D.2012. Samsung pulling away from Apple in Smartphone market. Available at https://news-cnet.com/ Stone, M.D. and Woodcock, N.D., 2014. Interactive, direct and digital marketing: A future that depends on better use of business intelligence. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 8(1), pp.4-17 Strategic Management Insight. 2013. SWOT analysis of Apple. Available at https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/ Tontini, G., Picolo, J.D. and Silveira, A., 2014. Which incremental innovations should we offer? Comparing importanceperformance analysis with improvement-gaps analysis. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 25(7-8), pp.705-719. Wagner, M., Schaltegger, S. Wehrmeyer, W. 2001. The relationship between the environmental and economic performance of firms. Greener Management International, (34), 95108. Webber, R., 2013. The evolution of direct, data and digital marketing. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 14(4), pp.291-309.

Unemployment Problem in Australian Economyâ€Myassihgnmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Unemployment Problem in Australian Economy? Answer: Introduction The performance of Australia as observed through many indicators is deteriorating. Initially, this economy was noted to be among the leading in terms of economic growth. This was mostly argued on the fact that it was able to escape the 2008 global recession without much impact on its operations whereas many economies economic growth fell to very low level and are still on the recovery process. Unemployment is one of the indicators used to gauge the economic performance. Many economic sources have given data and statistics on the rising unemployment rate in Australia. This problem is thus attracting the policy response by the government since its one of its primary goals to ensure that the economy is tending towards full employment. However, we shall realize in this paper that this goal is subjected to many constraints. Thus attainance of this goal is almost next to impossible. The paper will note and elaborate on the various reasons as to why any economy cannot attain full employment level. On this notion, it can be deducted that even the policy makers cannot formulate a policy framework that can help in this goal achievement. The paper shall discuss the major policies implement or rather proposed by economists to be implemented in order to lower this rate of unemployment. In this study, the different unemployment types will be covered. Elaborations on whether they occur in the short or in the long run will be provided. Also the factors responsible for this categories of unemployment will be provided. Further on the elaborations and factors responsible for the categorization, the study will note the categories that could be avoided and those that cannot be avoided and also a note on the categories that the government policies may control. Various recommendations for the government, and other researchers will be provided at the end of the paper and conclusion will be drawn. Economics of Unemployment There are various conditions that has been put forward by the Australian government and mostly applied by many economies in determining the persons that are said to be unemployed. One of this conditions is that the person should not be having any job at the reference period (Abs.gov.au, 2014). Then this person should be vigorously looking for employment. Lastly, this person should be ready and willing to enter into any job vacancy that is provided. However, economists have argued that these conditions are not sufficiently depicting the unemployed persons and the data statistics provided may be very attractive whereas in the real sense there is a high number of unemployed persons in the economy. One on the issues is that of underemployment; this is where a person working for an hour and more is considered to be employed. If for instance we consider a person working for 1 to like 3 hours a day, at a low wage rate, this persons income is insufficient to meet the daily demands. Therefore, even though the person is considered to be employed, they are underemployed. This explains why an economy with low unemployment rate could be having so many people living under extreme poverty. There are so many reports of underemployed reports to the ABS. according to NewsComAu (2017), there over a million complaints of underemployment where the employed are not satisfied with the income they are earning and are looking for some more. Economists have noted that the female group are the ones mostly affected by the underemployment issue. Data Analysis Table: Australian Unemployment rate data Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Unemployment Rate 5.217 5.65 6.067 6.075 5.712 Source: Imf.org (2017) Graph: Australian Unemployment rate 2012 2016 The data on the unemployment rate collected from the international monetary fund estimates made after 2015 is plotted to obtain the above graph. The Australian economys unemployment rate has been high since 2012. The linear trend line that slopes upwards is also an attest that the rate has actually gone up over the five years. Though the Australian economy escaped the GFC unhurt, it has been facing the rising unemployment problem since then. The low unemployment rate in 2012 is also a confirmation of how the economy wasnt greatly impacted by the GFC. The question now is what went wrong? What is the factor behind the unemployment rate going up? The record of unemployment rate were roughly equal during the year 2014 and 2015. There was however a fall in the unemployment rate in 2016. Causes of Unemployment There are varying causes of unemployment in Australia. According to Sebastian (2015), there are some industries that are shutting down which include the manufacturing, agriculture and textiles industries. The argument based on these closures is that many people are losing their jobs; given the fact that there is insufficient industry diversity in the Australian states, those who lose their jobs remain unemployed before they get another job. This has greatly added to the unemployment rate. Unemployment is caused by increase in population which in turn increase the size of the labour force. There has been a great flow of immigrants into Australia, these people increases the competition for the available and the newly created jobs (Sebastian, 2015). Most importantly its caused to slow or stagnant economic growth. When an economy is performing poorly, the production level falls and thus some employers reduce the number of their workers. For instance if we consider a period of economic hard time, the spending on the infrastructure falls, thus, engineers and other skilled personnel on infrastructure development remain unemployed. Pressure from labor unions is also a factor behind the rising unemployment rate. Labour unions are in constant demand for wage increments; at high wage level, the employing firm cuts their demand for employees. This is also the case for the minimum wage legislation where government in an attempt to promote income equality fixes a higher wage level that the employers are required to pay only equal to or above. Some people also argue on advancement in technology to drive people out of their jobs. They argue that if for instance a company adopts the use of robots, it can lay many workers as a single robot could be able to do a job that initially many workers were employed for. However, there are many economists who argue that even if the fact of robots being more productive is true, advancement in technology create more jobs. This is because even the new introduced equipment need programming, maintenance and repair. Technology may thus be a source of employment. If for example a machine is innovated that is used for recycling of some waste materials, people will be employed in the process. The last factor under discussion is that of natural disasters. For example during a drought season, agricultural activities is impacted and people fails to be employed. Types of Unemployment Cyclical Unemployment This type of unemployment results from unavoidable situations. Economic situations keep on changing. There are many factors that affect the aggregate demand and supply in an economy. With a higher aggregate demand, businesses are induced to supply more since higher demand also results in higher prices for goods and services. In the process of adjusting the supply level, businesses employ more labour thus reducing the unemployment rate. This is the case when the economy production level is in a boom. However, sometimes there could be a deficient in demand. Given the initial supply level, lower demand results in falling prices and discourages production. Since businesses are not willing to produce more and sell at lower prices, they lay off some initial workers. This is the case when the economy is in a burst and it increases the unemployment rate. This unemployment may continue to the long run since the economys rate of adjustment for recovery may be lower. This creates a need for int ervention by policy makers in order to accelerate the recovery process. For instance lets consider an economic situation such as a recession, Structural Unemployment This unemployment type is very harmful to every given economy as it is not resolved through automatic forces. Thus, government intervention is mandatory. It occurs in the short run but ends up prolonging to the long run (Hall Lieberman, 2010). Its worse since it occurs even when there are many job opportunities presented; its only that the unemployed dont fit in those vacancies (Amadeo, 2016). As the name suggests, it is as a result of structural changes. For instance lets assume that the production costs for a specific firm increases in one economy and the firm decides to shift operations to an economy with lower cost; this firm may not take with them all its workers. There are many barriers that many prevent some people from shifting from one economy to the other, these include immigration restrictions and language barriers. Thus, the shifting leaves many of the employees unemployed. Some of these employees skills may not be important for other firms and thus trouble securing a ne w job. Another case is when there is an advancement in technology that results in new innovations and efficient means of production. The digital migration has resulted in the need of employees with advanced skills. For instance a firms operation may become computerized and this lowers the number of employees required compared to when it was done manually. Otherwise, a digital migration may require all the employees to be computer literates, these leads to laying off of those not meeting the new job requirement. Frictional Unemployment This unemployment sometimes is voluntary unlike other types of unemployment. However, its not all the times it is voluntary; sometimes its as a result of economic factors. Overall, this unemployment type is unavoidable in every economy and requires less government intervention (Nash, 2017). The voluntary case is where for example a fresh graduate is not ready to engage in a low paying job and instead decides to stay unemployed until they get their dream job (Pettinger, 2012). Another case is where an employed worker opts to leave the current job to look for another. It may take time to get that new job and these persons remain unemployed. The economic case is the fact that the graduates from universities may not be knowing their potential employers and those employing may not be knowing the right candidates for the position. Thus, time is taken before a fresh graduate gets a job since processes such as interview and waiting periods may be longer. The employing firms also need to cons ider many candidates so as to choose the best. Those not chosen will have to wait for another vacancy to arise and compete for it. Thus time and information asymmetry is the important factor behind frictional unemployment. Seasonal Unemployment There are jobs that require some services periodically. During the period when the services are in demand, there are people who get employed. However, immediately this period is over, these people become unemployed until the production process gets back to a similar period again. If these people are not into jobs, they may remain unemployed for the period in between. An example of this unemployment form is exhibited in the agricultural sector where there is a time frame in between the services demand. For instance after planting, there is no service demanded until weeding time. This is also exhibited in Ski resort; this job is available during winters when there is snow but absent during summers with absence of snow (Pettinger, 2015). This unemployment is mostly present in the case of tourism industry. There are months in which the inflow of tourists is very high and some where there is a few (Hall Lieberman, 2010). More jobs are available during months of high inflows and low other wise. The Distribution of Unemployment in Australia Australia is a large economy divided into several large states. The economic growth and development of these states vary from a state to another. This may be as a result of the population differences between the states, the amount of rainfall received in each state since it determines the level of agricultural activities, and the industrialization of the states. Owing to this differences, these states have varying level of unemployment. More industrialized states have more job opportunities than those with less industrialization. The following graph will show the hopelessness index differences between the states from the lowest to the highest. Graph: Unemployment in Australian States Source: Murphy (2016) The hopelessness index is obtained by combining the number of the people starting new jobs and those that are unemployed. The Northern Territory has the lowest hopelessness index whereas Tasmania has the highest. A lower hopelessness is desirable for a territory. It means that there are many people starting new jobs and low number of those unemployed. In this case, a person who loses a job can very quickly find a new one; the hopes of one getting a job is very high in Northern Territory than in Tasmania. In the case of Tasmania, there are lower people starting new jobs whereas the number of the unemployed is very high. The other analysis is the age group hopelessness index where the group which is more or less likely to find a job is determined. Graph: Hopelessness index of Australian job search based on age group Source: Murphy (2016) There is less worry for the people of the age group 23-34 as compared to the younger group of 15-19 years. The biggest worry of getting a job is on the age group 60-64. Most of these people are old and are considered unproductive and thus the chance of being employed is very low.The next analysis is on the factors that influence the participation is the labour force which also determines the economys unemployment rate. Graph: Hopelessness index based on family characteristics Source: Murphy (2016) It is noted that there is a 90 % possibility for a married man of the age 35-44 years to participate in the labour market with an unemployment rate of below 2.8%; this is in comparison to another man of the same age who has an 80% possibility of participation and unemployment rate of 6.4%. Lone parents are more hopeless to participate in the labour market. Government Policies The most important policies for the government to solve the problem of rising unemployment rate are those intended to stimulate the economy; these are the fiscal and monetary policies (Gallego, 2017). The government could either lower tax rate or increase spending; the two will have the same result. Otherwise, the RBA could increase money supply of lower interest rate. The choice of these policies is influenced by other economic factors such as inflation rate. The government in the case of frictional unemployment can only be of help by ensuring that there is equality in the receivership of information on new job vacancies. Pettinger (2015) proposed the following as a solution to seasonal unemployment; the government should ensure the economy is more diversified excluding the case for the tourism industry (not possible), he proposed that the government should formulate a regulation such that even with temporary jobs, workers still are able to receive income throughout the year. The go vernment should note all the off-seasons in the year and increased its spending during this period so that those whose jobs have halted will get another job to engage in. Recommendations The government should raise the number of hours that a person should be working to be considered employed. An hour of work is not a fair level to consider a person to be employed. Else, since the level of wage rate is predetermined, it should fix the minimum income that a person should be earning so as to be considered employed. This would help in solving the issue of underemployment. If the unemployment rate included also the discouraged workers, it would be very high. There are so many workers who are not engaged in any job but are not included in the unemployment estimation. The conditions for a person to be considered above is excluding a high number of people from the unemployment estimation whereas they are in that category. Thus there should be a thorough edition of those conditions while taking into condition the various reason responsible for increasing unemployment. The government struggle towards lowering the unemployment level should be focused mostly on cyclical and stru ctural unemployment. The other may recover naturally. Since this paper could also be used by university student or any other learning institutions, I would recommend that every student after completion of his/her education should not stay idle whereas there is a job opportunity being presented. This is irrespective of the low wages being offered or rather if the job is not related to the degree held. They can engage in that job while still looking for the desired job; this would help in lowering the level of frictional unemployment that either occurs naturally or mostly voluntary. This could also be useful to the employed but lacks job satisfaction; they should hold on instead of leaving their job before getting a new one. In order to control the unemployment without making some parties worse off, the government should consider promoting its economic growth. The right policy framework by the government should be put in place so that it will be able to facilitate a fast growth of jobs so as to ensure that there are sufficient job opportunities from which the Australian could take advantage of. Conclusion Owing to the unemployment issues discussed above such as underemployment and the fact that the discouraged workers are not included in the unemployment rate, it can be concluded that low unemployment rate may not necessarily be an indicate of good economic health. There so many people living on hand to mouth since they earn too little income. If the discouraged workers are also included in the unemployment measure, unemployment would be the best measure of economic growth. Economic growth is an important factor that influences the unemployment level and thus it should be the major concern for the policy makers. New and many job opportunities would create a large market from which many Australians may fit. This is because there are many Australians who are unemployed with no job securities and some are not or may not fit on many job opportunities as they possess no skills. There is a small number of people who start new job; a lower number raises the hopelessness level. Lastly it can be concluded that the implementation of some government policies is not easy as it may make other economic factors worse of. References Abs.gov.au. (2014). 6105.0 - Australian Labour Market Statistics, July 2014. Abs.gov.au. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/0/FBE517ECA9B07F63CA257D0E001AC7D4?OpenDocument [Accessed 19 May 2017]. Amadeo, K. (2016). What Is Structural Unemployment? Causes, Examples. The Balance. Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/structural-unemployment-3306202 [Accessed 20 May 2017]. Gallego, L. (2017). Inflation Unemployment. [Online] Policonomics.com. Available at: https://policonomics.com/lp-inflation-unemployment1-economic-policies/ [Accessed 22 May 2017]. Hall, E. Lieberman, M. (2010). Economics: Principles applications. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Imf.org. (2017). World Economic and Financial Surveys. [Online] Available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2012ey=2016scsm=1ssd=1sort=countryds=.br=1pr1.x=73pr1.y=6c=193s=LUR%2CLPgrp=0a= [Accessed 18 May 2017]. Murphy, J. (2016). Hopeless cases: The bitter taste of Australias employment problem. [Online] NewsComAu. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/australian-economy/hopeless-cases-the-bitter-taste-of-australias-employment-problem/news-story/ae4504c4341e10b27098ef1680edc8fd [Accessed 22 May 2017]. Nash, J. (2017). Three Types of Unemployment: Cyclical, Frictional Structural - Video Lesson. [Online] Study.com. Available at: https://study.com/academy/lesson/three-types-of-unemployment-cyclical-frictional-structural.html [Accessed 21 May 2017]. NewsComAu. (2017). Unemployment rate rose to 5.9 per cent in February. [Online] NewsComAu. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/australian-economy/unemployment-rate-rose-to-59-per-cent-in-february/news-story/3b42717226e015718667da4d0c4919fe [Accessed 22 May 2017]. Pettinger, T. (2012). Frictional Unemployment. [Online] Economicshelp.org. Available at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/glossary/frictional-unemployment/ [Accessed 22 May 2017]. Pettinger, T. (2015). Seasonal Unemployment. [Online] Economicshelp.org. Available at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/glossary/seasonal-unemployment/ [Accessed 22 May 2017]. Sebastian (2015). Causes of unemployment - common causes in Australia. [Online] Adelaide-southaustralia.com. Available at: https://www.adelaide-southaustralia.com/money/causes-of-unemployment/ [Accessed 21 May 2017].