Molarity and Percent Solution Lab Essay Example for Free

Molarity and Percent Solution Lab Essay Objective: The objective of this lab was to determine the molarity and percent solution of a solution with an unknown concentration. Background: Molarity is the number of moles of a solute per liter of a solution. Percent solution is the percentage of a solute in a specific mass or volume of a solvent. A solute is a solid that gets dissolved in a solvent or a liquid that is a smaller amount than the solvent. A solvent is a liquid that dissolves the solute and it always is a larger amount. Solvation is when solute particles are surrounded by solvent molecules. A lab technique that was used during the lab was to boil the solution in order to separate the solute from the solvent. Materials List: 10mL graduated cylinder Solution with unknown concentration Hot plate Pipette Hot grip Scale 100mL beaker Procedure: 1. Obtain the solution with the unknown concentration from Mrs. Magdaleno. 2. Measure the volume of the solution by pouring it in the 10mL graduated cylinder. Use the pipette to take out solution in the graduated cylinder until the volume was at 6mL. Record it in the data table. 3. Measure the empty 100mL beaker using the scale. Record it in the data table. 4. Pour the solution in the 100mL beaker. 5. Find the mass of the beaker and solution using the scale. Make sure to subtract original beaker mass from the mass of the beaker and solution. 6. Boil the solution to separate the solute from the solvent by using the hot plate set to nine. 7. Once all the water has evaporated use the hot grips to remove the beaker from the hot plate and let cool. Find the mass of the beaker and solute using the scale. Make sure to subtract beaker mass from the beaker and solute mass. 8. Use the data from the data table to solve for molarity and percent solution. Observations: The water started to boil and evaporate when it was on the hot plate. It smelt like the salt was burning. Some salt spilled out on the lab station when the water completely evaporated. Data Table: |Volume of solution (L) |6mL=0.006L | |Mass of beaker (g) |68.95g | |Mass of solution and beaker(g) |75.06g | |Mass of solution(g) |6.12g | |Mass of solute and beaker(g) |69.41g | |Mass of solute(g) |0.46g | Results: A: Molarity B: Percent Solution Conclusion: The molarity that was calculated for the unknown solution was 1.31M. The percent solution that was calculated for the unknown solution was 7.52%. A procedural that would have led to a lower concentration value was when some salt spilled out onto the lab station after all of the water had evaporated from the beaker. Another error that would result in a higher concentration would be if the beaker was not dry when the mass was measured with the scale. Something that could be done differently to lead to a more accurate concentration would be to take the beaker off the hot plate sooner and not let the salt sit and burn or come out of the beaker.

A Letter from Holden from Catcher in the Rye :: Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salinger Essays

A Letter from Holden from Catcher in the Rye Dear Holden, Hi mate, what’s gone wrong with you? I can’t believe this has happened to you. You were fine when I left, after Allie dying and all. You know when I last saw you I was with Rachel (The English Actress). Well I proposed to her and she said yes. I am organising our honeymoon and the wedding so I am a bit tied up at the moment. So that is why I am writing a letter and not coming down to see you in person. In your previous letter, on a few occasions, you seemed to talk as if you were a different person. I wanna give you some advice. It will be easier if I tell you how I would have acted, or how you should have acted, just to help you. I remember you told me about that guy, Stradlater, and he was going on a date with Jane. He asked you to do an essay for him. I wouldn’t have done it for him; you have got your own life, try living it brother. Why didn’t you tell him you didn’t want to do it for him? If he was an alright guy he would have stayed at the school and written it himself. He was walking all over you and he only did it because you did not have anything better to do, because you were getting kicked out of Pencey in a few days. The thing with you is that you just can’t help yourself. Stradlater started talking for ages about Jane Gallagher and his date with her and you were stunned by this information. So when you stopped talking he just asked you. â€Å"Will you do it for me then?† and you gave in to him. It didn’t take any persuasion. Nothing. Later on in your letter, you talked about meeting this pimp, Maurice, in a lift. He asked you if you wanted to have some fun that night. Why? Why did you say yes? You don’t have to have a prostitute to have a good time. They are for sick, old perverts, not a sixteen-year-old, Holden. When the girl turned up, you should have just given her the money and made her leave. You didn’t even have to talk to her. She had her own life and she either wanted to have sex or go back to sleep. When that pimp came back because you didn’t give the girl enough money you should have just given the money to him. In your description he sounded huge, so I would have given him it.

My School Essay

School is a temple of learning and a training ground for future citizens. The name of my school is Penang Chinese Girls High School. It was set up in 19-an by a land-lord in our area. He donated land and money for the school. The atmosphere in which our school is situated is very pleasant. It is surrounded by a big field on one side and a small garden with flowers on the other. The school has three rows of big buildings. The name of the school is written on the front building. There are many classrooms in the front building. Other rooms in the back building are used for different purposes such as the Head Master’s Office, Library, the Clerk’s Office, the Science Laboratory, the Teachers’ Common-room, the N. C. C. and etc. There are 80 teacher, a specific teacher for librarians, a clerk and several peons in our school. All the teachers are qualified and experienced. The Head Master is a learned woman,she solved problems of the pupils efficiently. The total number of students of our school is about 20thousand hundred. We go to school in uniform,our school consisits of girls only,therefore girls wear blue skirt and white blouse. The school functions from for 2 sessions. During the recess hour we go to the canteen to relax and savour some mouth-watering food. Some students also go to library and read newspaper there. In games period we play badminton, volley ball, etc. Girl students play ring ball too. The library of our school is a medium one. There are about two thousand books on different subjects; we did not have a library period in our weekly routine,so we borrow books from our library and refund them after a week in our free time. We observe the Republic Day, the Independence Day, the Teacher’s Day in our school. We also hold debate competitions and games and sports every year. The school magazine is published every year. In annual examinations the students from our school show brilliant performance. Many students from this school have occupied glorious position in our state. Our school always holds book fair for students to have a chance to explore the advantages of reading. This year a classical teacher from our school retired formally. The discipline, the study atmosphere and the brilliant academic result of our school attract many meritorious students from distant parts of our state. It is an ideal school in all respects.

Management Bank of Ghana Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1338 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? 5.1 Conclusion The strength and health of a banking system is a prerequisite for sustainable economic growth and development. Banks in Ghana have been undergoing major challenges in the dynamic operating environment over the past decade. Basically, to withstand negative shocks and maintain financial stability, it is important to identify the determinants that mostly influence the overall performance of banks in Ghana. The fundamental objective of this research was to identify the core determinants of profitability in the Ghanaian banking industry, despite the fact that global financial crisis continues to adversely affect banks performances, the world over. The scope of this study covered a random sampling, in which sixteen (16) banks were selected out of a total of 27, covering a period through 2004 to 2013. Based on series of tests conducted, the author made use of the random effect model to study both bank-specific/controlled variables( EQTA, LOTA, NIGI LPT A) and external/un-controlled variables(MPR INF), as this method revealed the more accurate compared to fixed effect result. The fact that performances in banks and other financial institutions are measured in various ways, the author used both ROA and ROE as dependent variables to ascertain the impact these selected variables would create on them. Result for ROA shows that both EQTA MPR has a statistical highly significance effect on performances of these banks. This shows that banks with higher capital structure can absorb losses and are capable of withstanding any probable future shocks in Ghana. Therefore, the introduction of a new capital adequacy requirement by the Bank of Ghana was a smart move that could not only help banks to be sustainable, but also helping to contribute to stable economic growth. Also, the monetary policy rate (MPR) which determines the industry lending rate was also major contributing factor towards profitability in the Ghanaian banking industry. Th e higher this rate, the more profits banks were able to make, as they can easily factor it into their lending rate to the private sector, thus transferring the costs to customers. LPTA and INF were also highly significant to ROA, but affected it negatively. The more provision a bank makes the lower the profit it will realize at the end of the accounting period. This shows that asset quality was poor which accounted for huge accumulation of unpaid debt during the period that ended up soaring profits in these banks. Inflation also affected profitability negatively. It shows that inflation was never fully anticipated by banks managers and executives. These results are in line with our theory and expectations. However, both LOTA and NIGI were insignificant to banking performances in Ghana. Despite the fact that they had a positive correlation with ROA, both were statistically insignificant. For loans to asset variable, it might represent that because loan loss provision adversely aff ected ROA, most of those loans and advances were never repaid by customers. It is rational that the higher the loan portfolio, the higher the income obtained from it; however, it should also be noted that only quality loans will generate more income. In short, as a result of the competitive credit market condition and the successive cuts in interest rate, the interest spread which is a major determinant of profitability, becomes narrower. Similarly, result for ROE shows that EQTA, LPTA and MPR were highly statistically significant towards the performance of banks in the Ghanaian industry. This is consistent with the result obtained for ROA. However, the only difference is that EQTA affected ROE adversely. The reason for this underscored the difference highlighted in the theoretical review, whereas ROE measures how efficient management is towards managing it total resources, ROE measures how efficient management has been with shareholders equity. The negative correlation of this v ariable with ROE is because as capital adequacy is increased, the earning power of each cedi (Ghanaian currency) invested by shareholders in the business is reduced. LOTA has a negative correlation with ROE which is quite expected because the calculation of equity excludes liabilities from it. However, this variable is statistically insignificant towards ROE. NIGI and INF are quite insignificant towards ROE. 5.2 Recommendations Based on the findings of this research paper, the following recommendations are made to both bank managers/ management and policy authorities (Bank of Ghana): 5.2.1 To the bank managers/ management Bank managers/management must ensure that effective monitoring of loans and advances disbursement process must not be circumvented to aid statistical reporting. As the result revealed that higher loans does not necessarily transform to profit. In as much as loans represent the fundamental source of income in banks, therefore the need to establish and ad here to strict prudential guidelines in the administration of credit cannot be over emphasized. In todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s banking, focus should be shifted towards credit risk management and so, effective and active credit risk department/ personnel are required to achieve this goal. Also, the audit department should also aid in this process by ensuring that adequate checks and balances are observed. This includes ensuring adequate know-your-customer (KYC) is obtained and documented and reviewed regularly, monitoring the disbursement of loans (both on-site and off-site). If these measures are implemented, then asset quality will definitely lead to profitability, thus reducing the adverse impact of making more provisions for bad debts. A fundamental approach to any profit oriented venture is the use of SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity threats) analysis. Outside the primary source of income which is from loans and advances are incomes gotten from fees and commissions. They r epresent a minute but huge alternative source of generating profits. From the result, one of the weaknesses of the banks is the inability to effectively take advantage of their expansion and innovations into profits. Innovations and expansions are cost oriented ventures which can be neutralized by greater income generation, not necessarily from loans and advances. Bank managers should look at this weakness and take advantage of the opportunity that comes with it. Ensuring that all possible commissions are collected by the bank, whether manually by designated bank officials or through the system. This might represent a significant income leakages in both the system and manually. Therefore, it is recommended that regular income leakages and other checks are conducted so as to adequately capture all incomes due to the bank. Inflation in itself is not as bad as it seems, depending on whether the level of increase in anticipated or not. If anticipated and are correctly factored into p rofits, then the cost of increase will be avoided and controlled. However, from the result obtained above, we noted that for ROA, inflation adversely affected performance of banks in Ghana, significantly. This shows that the level of increase was never anticipated. And the cost that comes with it practically reduced the real value of banking profits. The authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s recommendation is that bank managers/ management must ensure to reasonably forecast future inflation so that it can be anticipated and the cost of it will be minimized. Also, capital adequacy as stipulated by the Bank of Ghana must be adhered to by all banks. The reason being that, based on the authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s findings, this variable had a major contribution towards profits in the industry. This shows that it can help to foster not only financial stability and economic growth but also can absorbed unexpected shocks which might happen in the future. 5.2.2 To the monetary authority (Bank of Gh ana) Bank capitalization should be encouraged so that bank performance can be enhanced. Banks should endeavor to retain earnings to boost up capital rather than paying exorbitant bonuses. A well capitalized banking system will ensure financial stability and make the industry more resilient against external shocks and risk. This is because well capitalized banks have lower financial risk and thus are more likely to survive financial crisis. The study of Flamini et al. (2009) on the determinants of bank profitability, gives some support to a policy of imposing higher capital requirements in the Sub-Saharan region in order to strengthen financial stability. In line with this, the recapitalization requirement by the Bank of Ghana is appropriate. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Management Bank of Ghana Example For Free" essay for you Create order

Memory Loss And Cognitive Thinking Impairments Come With Age

Memory loss and cognitive thinking impairments come with age. Many adults begin to worry when something as simple as misplacing their car keys happens. Just because one begins to have miniscule mind gaffs, does not mean one will forget everything or end up with dementia. â€Å"Even beyond cancer, the biggest fear among Americans, based on some surveys, is that a person will develop Alzheimer’s disease† (Factora 3). Scientists and doctors do not have definite proof of which factors cause age-related memory loss, but studies have shown common factors in patients suffering from memory loss. People researching this topic have found that the main, possible causes of memory loss include lifestyle choices, health deficiencies, and neurological†¦show more content†¦Alcohol and medication abuse are common factors found in many memory loss patients. â€Å"A little over five percent of people seeking help with memory loss have a history of alcohol abuse.† Al so, people who frequently take â€Å"sedatives, cimetidine, and antihypertensive agents have an increased chance of age-related memory loss† (Desmond 55). Getting the needed amount of sleep each night also affects the brain’s ability to recollect information. â€Å"Neurobehavioral dysfunctions associated with OSA include seizures, acute delirium, deficits in motor function, global cognitive dysfunction, muscle and nerve weakness, short- and long-term memory loss, headaches, sleepiness, and fatigue† (Hirshkowitz 13). Some elderly people cannot handle the stress and hardships of this life which lead to depression. The elderly suffering from extreme depression, mixed with their already aging brains, will find it difficult to remember more things because of their self-conscious suppression of memories. Over time, this can cause not only short-term, but long-term memory loss. To prevent memory loss due to lifestyle one should eat healthy, exercise daily, get a full night’s rest, cleanse from alcohol and drug usage, and do things to bring peace to one’s life. Consequently, when one’s body lacks proper nutrients or the ability to produce the proper hormones, health problems occur. Certain health deficiencies

Essay on Tips of Science of Memory - 865 Words

Yumeng Ma Psyc-101 Writing Assignment 1 From the reading of chapter 6 â€Å"Tips from the Science of Memory—for Studying and for Life†, I learned the science of memory and how to make my memory more effective. The main idea in this section is about how to memorize scientifically. No matter what model of memory we use, we can sharpen your memory by thinking deeply about the â€Å"material† of life and connecting the information to other things we know. Perhaps the one most well connected node or most elaborate schema to which we can relate something is the self—what we know and think about ourselves. To make something meaningful and to secure its place in memory, we must make it matter to ourselves. There are three mnemonic strategies, Method†¦show more content†¦In fact, however, everyday life is filled with potentially remarkable moments—a beautiful sunrise, a delicious meal prepared just for you, an unexpected telephone call from an old friend. Experiencing everyday life in its richness requires us to be attentive and engaged. Sometimes the daily chores and hassles of life lead us to feel that we are just going through the motions. This sort of mindless living may be a way to survive, but it is unlikely to be a way to thrive. I find an article from Hilgard, Ernest R, Methods and procedures in the study of learning. In this article, he explained some fact about memory and study skill. Learning must be kept clear from other situations, which result in behavioral change. The author describes typical experiments used to investigate learning behavior and in further detail considers the following types: classical conditioned response, operant or instrumental conditioning, maze and discrimination experiments, motor skills, and memorization and retention. 195-item bibliography. (Hilgard, Ernest R, pp. 517-567) The reason I think this website is authoritative is because the author of this article is very famous psychologist in America and wrote tons of work. I find his article in psynet.org, which is a reliable website and it is very official. According to CRAAP test, .org means nonprofit organization, which isShow MoreRelatedMemory Is The Diary That We All Carry About With Us1354 Words   |  6 PagesOscar Wilde said that Memory... is the diary that we all carry about with us. Every page of our diary filled with a series of memories, but we wouldn t make a perfectly diary. Sometimes we lost pictures in the diary, sometimes we miss spell words; just like memories will become vague and pass out of mind. The process of memory includes Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval; those three parts correlate and restrict each other. 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Corporate strategies in Clarks and Dune-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Corporate strategies in Clarks and Dune. Answer: Introduction Competition has made many enterprises to develop strategies to meet the needs of the market and survive the ever-changing market environment. Dune is one of most influential players in the footwear industry with over 20 years experience in the industry. The location of the company is strategic with its business being located in London. The growth of the retailer is attributed to passion and dedication to excellence in product development and in-house design that meets customer needs. From one outlet, the retailer has expanded to 40 standalone stores and 175 concessions. To meet the changing customer needs, it offers both online shopping and in store shopping for customers. Dune specializes in a sophisticated style that fits the younger generation with its wide range of designs that meet several needs of the consumer. However, the footwear environment is competitive with other existing giant retailers who specialize in offering different shoe types. SWOT analysis of the retailer reveals both opportunities and threats that the company can work on to improve its business operations. One opportunity that is noted is an increasingly growing brand and opportunity to venture into online shopping. These two opportunities can be utilized to create a framework that improves business processes and meets the needs of the company. On the other hand, threats are indicated in easy entry into the market due to low limitations and diversification by existing retailers. Since most organizations are diversifying their business operations, then clothing retailers can easily diversify into footwear thus creating a challenge for the market. The company is also struggling wi th low market share as a weakness compared to other retailers like Clarks who have a larger market share and dominance. This presents weaker returns due to intense competition. Weaker market share means, low brand identity which is a threat to business. However, an analysis of the footwear industry reveals that the companies have been forced to reconsider their options due to competition and pressure from the market(Kent, 2017). The two retailers have been chosen since they are not market leaders in the field but are doing well in meeting retail needs. This report analyses how corporate communication strategies can be used to improve business processes thus developing competitive advantage. Corporate strategies Corporate communications are a set of activities that are involved in managing internal and external communications of the organization. Most corporate communication strategies focus on stakeholders who are mainly customers as a way of ensuring that they meet the needs of the market. Dune as a retailer has been communicating with its customers through different corporate strategies that have been boosting business for quite some time. The major corporate communication areas are corporate personality, corporate identity, corporate image, corporate reputation and public relations. Corporate imaging describes the manner in which the products of a company are perceived in the public eye. Organizations seek to develop a positive image through branding strategies that communicate positively to customers (Sacconi 2004, p. 79). This strategy leads to development of a positive halo effect on the consumer which leads to an impression about what the company sales. The benefits of such processes is a changed perception on the eyes of the consumer when there is a perceived risk about the quality of the product (Aaker Myers 1999, p. 12). Dune is established on a continuous brand that seeks to offer premium customer service through a combination of quality and unique fashion. The products feature the needs of both men and women capturing the ever-changing needs of the society where brands have been evolving since 1895. The brand title for its products is find your dancing feet which means that they have a brand value that meets the needs of every consumer within the busin ess environment (Dune 2017, pp. 5). The companys brand is loved because it is a key fashion setter with a distinctively British aesthetic style with a 120-year-old heritage that has made the brand a global household. However, Clarks has established itself on a distinctive ankle height boot with crepe rubber sole made of suede leather that was officially launched in 1950(Clarks, 2017). The heart of the rand is the belief in craft, innovation and comfort that are combined together to give the best customer experience which is defined as the force of nature. Therefore, each of the two companies has a unique brand identity that is identified by the customer. Corporate identity is a set of mental and functional associations that customers develop with it. This does not always lead to buying but rather familiarity and differentiation with others. Businesses seek to identify themselves in the eye of the consumer so that they can be striking to the user (Sweeney Brandon 2006, p. 642). Through noticeable elements like trademark, color, name and symbol, an organization develops an identify that differentiates its products from the rest of the designs in the market. Therefore the process involves a set of strategies that reveal what the business offers the consumer and how the consumer can use such defined elements to single out the product from the rest. Dune footwear brand identity is based on a Dune style for both men and ladies with a variety of footwear that are used for different functions. The designs are identified by color, name and shape which defines the occasion that they are fit for. For example, the Dune London style for ladies i s designed with its own handbag to make the user appear the Dune way. On the other hand, Clarks identity is known from the design of its shoes which is based on the study of biomechanics of the human foot, the way it moves at work, rest and play to design a shoe that meets all these conditions (Clarks 2017, p. 8). The company is known for its iconic footwear which undergoes improvement to meet the needs of the customer through 22,000 styles that are defined by generational evolutions to meet different user needs. Corporate reputation is the overall assessment of the organization by stakeholders. This method is achieved through perceptions of stakeholders on the ability of the business to meet their expectations. These stakeholders may have different interests in the company like buying products, shares or even beneficiaries of business processes (Keller 2003, P. 11). Organizations need to have the capacity to diagnose how others view them and configure a strategy for managing their reputation. Through identifying areas of potential risk, types of stakeholders in the business and establishing system for achieving the intended business reputation, the company can achieve these competitiveness by ensuring that the best mechanisms are put in place. Image repair theorists suggest that strategies can be used to restore the image after undergoing a crisis that threatens business. Dune has established itself as high-street footwear designer where you can find any shoe type. With a range of styles and color the companys products are established as a reputation for the best products in the market. On the other hand, Clarks has a business reputation that is recognized in the shoe industry through its operations and employee recruitment mechanisms. Through an extensive network and identifying quality staffs, the reputation of the company is known for the best employee practices that translate to improved operations. Dune manages its stakeholders through prioritizing their needs and ensuring that they are achieved at times. Suppliers needs are managed through ensuring that there is coordination with the system processes to achieve adequate delivery on time payment. Customers needs are met through delivery of quality products for individuals of all ages thus offering variety. The community is satisfied through corporate social responsibility initiatives that seek to empower and support different community engagements. On the other hand, the company adheres to all relevant policies like the green economy where the government has passed policies to limit global warming. Public relations is a practice of spreading and managing information through expoing it to different audiences. This process creates coverage for consumers for free to ensure that they undersntad things that happen around them (Lantos 2001, p. 599). Dune uses marketimg campaigns to increase public relations with the public through a varity of media like televisons, magazines, website and social media (Dune 2017, PP. 6). Emerging technology is used to meet consumer needs through user frindl platforms that allow interaction with the the public. However, Clarks does better through a clear PR plan that seesk to create goodwill (Clarks 2017, pp. 3). The company combines digital outreach with real world relationships through secure press placements across all media platforms. This strategy is where Clarks beats Dune since it has a clear aggressive public relations plan. Recommendations To improve its corporate communication strategies, the Dune needs to benchmark its practices with giant designers like Clark that have a history in the footwear industry. (Mahdi, et al. 2015, p. 170). For example, Clarks is investing heavily in technologies that meet the modern requirements like reduction of global warming and also ensuring that all their partners meet these needs (Parker 2016, p. 12). (Nike responsibility 2016, p. 11). The best way to improve brand image is through consistent visual identity, advertising and competitive pricing. Visual identity can be improved through developing a logo that reflects what the company exists for. Dune has not revised its logo for quite some time despite the fact that they understand the consumer segment is changing slowly (Goldman Papson 1998, p. 11). Further, there is need to develop strategies in their advertising to elicit brand emotions in the consumer. Clarks does well in this area through constant innovation of its brands and at the same time using the story of heroism as a brand strategy. The companys brand focus so much on the hero archetype to inspire customer loyalty (Sanusi, et al. 2014, pp. 7). Through clear branding strategies like the ones mentioned, the Dune can improve their brand and create a different view from the customer. Brand identity can be improved through clear positioning strategies. Since there are many competitors in the market, then Dune has to position itself with a strong brand identity that can stand out in the market. When compared with other brands that have positioned themselves as global leaders through creating shoes that increase athlete performance, then the company needs to address key brand areas. The brand is based on an inspirational value for every customer. This method is achieved through sharing the passion of clients and developing products that meet them. Bedbury Fenichell (2003, p. 12) suggests that through a well-established brand and logo, brand association is used to position the products as meeting the needs of the user rather than the fun part of it. Performance has been used together with heroism which describes the benefits that consumers get from the shoes (Willigan 1992, p. 5). Therefore, the company needs to carry out a thorough brand audit to ensure that they u nderstand the market they are dealing with and the changes being witnessed in the market. Thus there is need to develop a brand persona that can be used to messages to the consumer. Clear communication strategies like public relations, nature of content and the media to be used need to be developed to ensure that the companies create an improved brand image. High-performance marketing can be used to improve brand identity and increase customer reputation for the organization. Corporate reputation is an area that needs to be guarded through ensuring that all business processes meet the needs of stakeholder. Many companies like Nike have suffered business reputations but used them to achieve improved business processes that make them leaders of today. From the sweatshop issue, to child labor and later supply chain crisis Nike has undergone different business reputations that may have caused profits and brand image (Parker 2016, p. 11). The company endured that any challenges met were treated according to the required standards like cleaning up the system and implementing relevant regulations that are needed (Beder 2002, p. 25). Therefore, Dune can guard its business reputation by ensuring subscription to every required policy and develop sustainable business principles to meet the needs of the organization. Dune can work on its public relations strategies to ensure that there is a clear developed plan to reach out to its customers. This process can be achieved through utilizing all media sources like press releases, media kits, newsletters, reputation management, community relations, media relations and strategic communications. Further, participating in high end events can also create a better reputation for the company. Conclusion Corporate communication strategies seek to ensure that organizations develop strategies that protect their business image, meet the needs of stakeholders and at the same time satisfy the needs of the organization. Dune is doing well in the footwear industry but the business processes in the company cannot be compared to global leaders like Nike. Through proper benchmarking, business processes can be improved to ensure that the organizations achieve better business strategies. References Aaker, D. Myers, J., 1999. Advertising Management. New York: Prentice-Hall. Bedbury, S. Fenichell, S., 2003. A New Brand World: Eight Principles for Achieving Brand Leadership in the 21st Century. New York: Penguin Books.. Beder, S., 2002. Putting the Boot In. The Ecologist, 32(3), pp. 24-28. Clarks, 2017. Corporate Social Responsibility. [Online] Available at: https://apply.clarksjobs.com/headquarters/where_you_could_be_working/corporate_social_responsibility/ [Accessed 13 Decemer 2017]. 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